{
 "api_version": 1,
 "generated": "2026-10-31T07:23:01.155Z",
 "licence": {
  "name": "CC BY 4.0",
  "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
 },
 "data": [
  {
   "id": "ev-20261027-mfcv",
   "type": "event",
   "conflict": "russia-ukraine",
   "theatre": "russia-ukraine.europe",
   "title": "Suspected mapping of offshore energy and communications infrastructure in the North Sea and Baltic, 2022",
   "summary": "The dataset records an ongoing effort, which it attributes to Russia, to map offshore communications and energy infrastructure in the North Sea and the Baltic Sea. It codes the incident as reconnaissance, apparent goal preparation for potential sabotage, target energy / communications infrastructure, location North Sea, Baltic Sea; the dataset records it as running from January 2022 to 2022-12-31, and the date shown is the start of that period. The Leiden dataset includes incidents linked to Russia by officials, incidents fitting a pattern of officially suspected attacks, or incidents backed by journalistic evidence, and its authors call the data speculative and subject to change.",
   "status": "reported",
   "status_basis": "single_origin",
   "category": {
    "kind": "other",
    "military": false
   },
   "occurred": {
    "date": "2022-01-01",
    "time_precision": "day"
   },
   "place": "sea-north-sea-and-baltic-sea",
   "actors": {
    "initiator": [
     "ru-government"
    ],
    "target": []
   },
   "attribution": {
    "status": "single_source",
    "basis": "Listed as a Russian operation in the Leiden University Russian Operations Against Europe dataset; the dataset itself is the only source naming Russia that this draft cites."
   },
   "citations": [
    {
     "source": "src.leiden-europe",
     "url": "https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/TQ0FMQ",
     "origin": "Leiden dataset entry 2",
     "role": "evidence",
     "published_at": "2026-01-13T00:00:00Z",
     "accessed_at": "2026-10-27T12:00:00Z",
     "language": "en"
    }
   ],
   "published_at": "2026-10-27T21:03:25Z",
   "provenance": "leiden",
   "dataset_ref": "leiden-europe/leiden-2",
   "revision": 1,
   "history": [
    {
     "at": "2026-10-27T21:03:25Z",
     "batch": "p1-leiden-europe",
     "field": "status",
     "from": null,
     "to": "reported",
     "rule": "single_origin",
     "reason": "P1 leiden: researched from cited sources and graded by the one rule",
     "citations": [
      0
     ]
    }
   ],
   "record_state": "withdrawn",
   "schema_version": 1,
   "created_at": "2026-10-27T21:03:25Z",
   "last_changed": "2026-10-28T00:00:00Z",
   "withdrawn_reason": "Dated before the Russia-Ukraine war's start date (24 Feb 2022); withdrawn from the record and kept in the Leiden draft as pre-war background (desk-eng, 2026-10-28)."
  }
 ]
}